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Abila (Decapolis)
Abila, distinguished as Abila in the Decapolis (, ''Abila Dekapoleos'') and also known for a time as Seleucia (, ''Seleúkeia''),〔 was an ancient city in the Decapolis; the site, now referred to as ((アラビア語:قويلبة)) is occupied by two tells (Tell al-Abila and Tell Umm al-Amad) and the village of Hartha, approximately north-northeast of Irbid, Jordan. The site is east of the Sea of Galilee and south of the Yarmouk River. The name "Abila" is derived from the Semitic word Abel (in Hebrew, "meadow" and in Arabic, "green growth").
==History==
Abila or ancient Raphana lies to the north of Irbid, east of Umm Qais, east of Hartha. The largest site is located amidst verdant agricultural fields near the modern spring. Roman temples, Byzantine churches and early mosques lie amidst olive groves and wheat fields.
Excavations indicate that the site was inhabited more than 5,000 years ago in the early Bronze Age, and appears to have been continually used by man since then. The site was in use from the Neolithic period until the Abbasid/Fatimid and Ayyubid/Mamluk periods, though its use in these later periods was limited. It possibly appears in one of the 14th century BC Amarna letters as ''Ia-bi-li-ma''. While several of its ancient structures have been excavated including aqueducts, tombs, gates and public buildings, Abila is especially fascinating because so much of its remains unexcavated, yet visible of the surface of the ground.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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